View source for SY

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

= Intel Environment =

{|border=1
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|Military Alliance||
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|Interior Intelligence Services||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_Intelligence_Directorate Air Force Intelligence Directorate] / [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_Security_Directorate Political Security Directorate]
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|Exterior Intelligence Services||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Security_Directorate_%28Syria%29 General Security Directorate]
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|Military Intelligence Services||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Intelligence_%28Syria%29 Military Intelligence]
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|SIGINT/COMINT Alliances||
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|}

= Telco/Carrier/ISP Environment =

{|border=1
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|Type||Name||Ownership||Main Office||URL||Notes
|-
|GSM 900/1800||MTN Syria (JSC)|| ? || ? ||http://www.mtn.com.sy/||
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|GSM 900/1800||Syriatel Mobile Telecom SA (SYRIATEL)|| ? || ? ||http://www.syriatel.sy/||
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|ISP||SAWA ISP, Syria|| || ||http://www.sawaisp.sy/||
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|ISP||190.sy - Internet Service Provider|| || ||http://www.190.sy/||
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|ISP||Syria Nobles - Internet Service Provider|| || ||http://www.syrianobles.com/||
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|ISP||Aalami - Internet Service Provider|| || ||http://www.aalami.sy/||
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|ISP||AYA - Internet Service Provider|| || ||http://aya.sy/||
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|ISP||e-lcom - Internet Service Provider|| || ||http://e-lcom.com/||
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|ISP||Sawa - Internet Service Provider|| || ||http://www.cec.sy/sawa/index.php||
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|ISP||Scs-net(Aloola) - Internet Service Provider|| || ||http://www.aloola.sy/portal/||
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|ISP||Tarassul - Internet Service Provider|| || ||http://www.tarassul.sy/||
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|ISP||Best Italia - Internet Service Provider|| || ||http://www.bestitalia.net/pkg07/||
|-
|}

= Transnational Cables and Connections =

{|border=1
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|Type||Name||Ownership||Connecting Operator Point A||Connection Operator Point B||URL/Notes
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|5 Gbit/s||ALETAR|| ||Alexandria ([[EG|Egypt]])||Tarsous ([[SY|Syria]])||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALETAR_(cable_system) WP]
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|5 Gbit/s||BERYTAR|| ||Beirut ([[LB|Lebanon]])||Tartous ([[SY|Syria]])||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BERYTAR_(cable_system) WP]
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|622 Mbit/s||UGARIT|| ||Pentaskhinos ([[CY|Cyprus]])||Tartous ([[SY|Syria]])||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UGARIT_(cable_system) WP]
|-
|}

= SIGINT/COMINT Stations and Operators =

= Privacy Related Legislation =

= LI Legislation =

= SIGINT/COMINT Legal Grounds =

= Vendor Appearance =

* [[AREA]] in 11/2011

* [[UTIMACO]] in 11/2011

* [[QOSMOS]] in 11/2011

* [[BLUECOAT]] in 10/2011

* [[SIEMENS]] in 08/2011

= Articles / Events =

== 2014 ==

{|border=1
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|Date||Source||Title||Tags
|-
|20141112||taz.de||[http://www.taz.de/Handel-mit-Ueberwachungstechnologie/!149004/ Handel mit Überwachungstechnologie: Big Brother per Mausklick]||[[TROVICOR]] / [[BH]] / [[GAMMA]] / [[SY]] / [[BLUECOAT]] / [[IR]] / [[CREATIVITY]] / [[HACKINGTEAM]] / [[AMESYS]] / [[DE]]
|-
|20140329||firstlook.org||[https://firstlook.org/theintercept/article/2014/03/29/der-spiegel-nsa-ghcq-hacked-german-companies-put-merkel-list-122-targeted-leaders/ Der Spiegel: NSA Put Merkel on List of 122 Targeted Leaders]||[[NSA]] / [[DE]] / [[MERKEL, ANGELA]] / [[PS]] / [[ML]] / [[MY]] / [[SO]] / [[PE]] / [[BY]] / [[GT]] / [[CO]] / [[SY]] / [[UA]] / [[Target Knowledge Database (TKB)]] / [[NYMROD]]
|-
|20140329||spiegel.de||[http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/gchq-and-nsa-targeted-private-german-companies-a-961444.html 'A' for Angela: GCHQ and NSA Targeted Private German Companies and Merkel]||[[NSA]] / [[DE]] / [[MERKEL, ANGELA]] / [[PS]] / [[ML]] / [[MY]] / [[SO]] / [[PE]] / [[BY]] / [[GT]] / [[CO]] / [[SY]] / [[UA]] / [[Target Knowledge Database (TKB)]] / [[NYMROD]] / [[GCHQ]] / [[STELLAR]] / [[CETEL]] / [[IABG]]
|-
|20140329||rt.com||[http://rt.com/news/nsa-spy-world-leaders-125/ From Merkel to Tymoshenko: NSA spied on 122 world leaders, Snowden docs reveal]||[[NSA]] / [[DE]] / [[MERKEL, ANGELA]] / [[PS]] / [[ML]] / [[MY]] / [[SO]] / [[PE]] / [[BY]] / [[GT]] / [[CO]] / [[SY]] / [[UA]] / [[Target Knowledge Database (TKB)]] / [[NYMROD]]
|-
|20140329||spiegel.de||[http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/ueberwachung-nsa-speicherte-mehr-als-300-berichte-ueber-merkel-a-961414.html Überwachungsskandal: NSA speicherte mehr als 300 Berichte über Merkel]||[[NSA]] / [[DE]] / [[MERKEL, ANGELA]] / [[PS]] / [[ML]] / [[MY]] / [[SO]] / [[PE]] / [[BY]] / [[GT]] / [[CO]] / [[SY]] / [[UA]] / [[Target Knowledge Database (TKB)]] / [[NYMROD]]
|-
|}

== 2013 ==

{|border=1
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|Date||Source||Title||Tags
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|20130621||citizenlab.org||[https://citizenlab.org/2013/06/a-call-to-harm/ A Call to Harm: New Malware Attacks Target the Syrian Opposition]||[[SY]]
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|20130425||reuters.com||[http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/04/25/syria-sanctions-fine-idUSL6N0DC3PT20130425 Dubai firm agrees $2.8 million fine over Syria sanctions-busting]||[[BLUECOAT]] / [[SY]] / [[COMPUTERLINKS]]
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|20130425||bluecoat.com||[https://www.bluecoat.com/company/press-releases/blue-coat-commends-department-commerce’s-bureau-industry-and-security Blue Coat Commends the Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security for Penalizing Third Party Involved in the Illegal Transfer of Blue Coat Products]||[[BLUECOAT]] / [[SY]] / [[COMPUTERLINKS]]
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|}

== 2012 ==

{|border=1
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|Date||Source||Title||Tags
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|29.10.2012||wsj.com||[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203687504577001911398596328.html U.S. Firm Acknowledges Syria Uses Its Gear to Block Web]||[[BLUECOAT]] / [[SY]]
|-
|17.08.2012||espresso.repubblica.it||[http://espresso.repubblica.it/dettaglio/chi-spiava-la-rete-per-assad/2189059 Chi spiava la rete per Assad]||[[SY]] / [[BLUECOAT]] / [[AREA]]
|-
|26.07.2012||reuters.com||[http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/26/syria-france-qosmos-idUSL6E8IQN9520120726 France investigates tech firm accused of aiding Syria]||[[QOSMOS]] / [[SY]]
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|31.05.2012||eff.org||[https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2012/05/trojan-hidden-fake-revolutionary-documents-targets-syrian-activists Trojan Hidden in Fake Revolutionary Documents Targets Syrian Activists]||[[SY]]
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|30.05.2012||spiegel.de||[http://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/web/anti-zensur-software-simurgh-verbreitet-trojaner-a-836037.html Iran und Syrien: Anti-Zensur-Software spioniert Web-User aus]||[[IR]] [[SY]]
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|02.05.2012||eff.org||[https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2012/05/fake-skype-encryption-tool-targeted-syrian-activists-promises-security-delivers Fake Skype Encryption Tool Targeted at Syrian Activists Promises Security, Delivers Spyware]||[[SKYPE]] [[SY]]
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|24.04.2012||sueddeutsche.de||[http://www.sueddeutsche.de/o5v38f/589911/Sanktionen-gegen-Schnueffler.html Sanktionen gegen Schnüffler: Obama will Unterdrückung durch Technologie verhindern]||[[US]] [[SY]] [[IR]]
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|23.04.2012||networkworld.com||[http://www.networkworld.com/news/2012/042312-obama-authorizes-sanctions-against-surveillance-258563.html Obama authorizes sanctions against surveillance tech in Syria, Iran]||[[US]] [[SY]] [[IR]]
|-
|10.04.2012||spiegel.de||[http://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/netzpolitik/0,1518,826695,00.html Fernsehbericht: Siemens lieferte Überwachungstechnik an Syrien]||[[DE]] [[SY]] [[SIEMENS]] [[TROVICOR]]
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|10.04.2012||mdr.de||[http://www.mdr.de/fakt/siemens106.html Siemens liefert Überwachungstechnik nach Syrien]||[[DE]] [[SY]] [[SIEMENS]] [[TROVICOR]]
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|21.02.2012||spiegel.de||[http://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/netzpolitik/0,1518,816549,00.html Syrische Spyware: Staatstrojaner Marke Eigenbau]||[[SY]] [[Trojans]]
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|15.02.2012||bloomberg.com||[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-02-15/syria-blocks-texts-with-dublin-made-gear.html Syria Disrupts Text Messaging of Protesters With Made-in-Dublin Equipment]||[[SY]] [[CELLUSYS]] [[ADAPTIVEMOBILE]]
|-
|13.02.2012||zeit.de||[http://www.zeit.de/digital/internet/2012-02/norwegen-investiert-ueberwachungstechnik/komplettansicht PENSIONSFONDS: Norwegen investiert Milliarden in Hersteller von Überwachungstechnik - Der staatliche Pensionsfonds von Norwegen investiert in Firmen, die Regimen wie Syrien mit Spionage- und Zensurtechnik helfen. Der Ethikrat des Fonds könnte das ändern.]||[[NO]] / [[BLUECOAT]] / [[NETAPP]] / [[ERICSSON]] / [[THALES]] / [[SY]]
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|22.01.2012||taz.de||[http://www.taz.de/Aus-Le-Monde-diplomatique/!85882/ Software für Diktatoren: Von Peking bis Damaskus spionieren Geheimdienstler das Netz aus. Das System "Deep Packet Inspection" (DPI) aus dem Hause der kalifornischen Firma Narus hilft dabei.]||[[CN]] [[LY]] [[SY]] [[AMESYS]] [[NARUS]] [[QOSMOS]]
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|00.01.2012||monde-diplomatique.fr||[http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2012/01/CHAMPAGNE/47183 Une technologie qui intéresse Etats et entreprises: Surveillance « profonde » sur Internet]||[[CN]] [[LY]] [[SY]] [[AMESYS]] [[NARUS]] [[QOSMOS]]
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|}

== 2011 ==

{|border=1
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|Date||Source||Title||Tags
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|23.12.2011||businessweek.com||[http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-12-23/israel-didn-t-know-high-tech-gear-was-sent-to-iran-via-denmark.html Bloomberg: Israel Didn’t Know High-Tech Gear Was Sent to Iran Via Denmark]||[[DK]] [[IL]] [[IR]] [[SY]] [[ALLOT]] [[BLUECOAT]]
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|07.12.2011||NDR Zapp||[http://www.ndr.de/fernsehen/sendungen/zapp/media/zapp4923.html German spyware for dictators (Flash Version)] [http://youtu.be/2CcFyznh29k (On Youtube)]||[[BH]] [[DE]] [[EG]] [[IR]] [[OM]] [[SY]] [[TM]] [[DREAMLAB]] [[FINFISHER]] [[GAMMA]] [[TROVICOR]]
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|07.12.2011||NDR Zapp||[http://www.ndr.de/fernsehen/sendungen/zapp/sicherheitstechnologie101.html Das Geschäft mit Sicherheitstechnologie]||[[BH]] [[DE]] [[EG]] [[IR]] [[OM]] [[SY]] [[TM]] [[DREAMLAB]] [[FINFISHER]] [[GAMMA]] [[TROVICOR]]
|-
|04.11.2011||spiegel.de||[http://www.spiegel.de/international/business/ard-reports-siemens-sold-surveillance-technology-to-syria-a-826860.html Monitoring the Opposition: Siemens Allegedly Sold Surveillance Gear to Syria]||[[SY]] / [[SIEMENS]] / [[TROVICOR]]
|-
|04.11.2011||bloomberg.com||[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-11-03/syria-crackdown-gets-italy-firm-s-aid-with-u-s-europe-spy-gear.html Syria Crackdown Gets Italy Firm’s Aid With U.S.-Europe Spy Gear]||[[SY]] [[AREA]] [[UTIMACO]] [[QOSMOS]]
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|30.10.2011||Spiegel||[http://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/web/0,1518,794850,00.html Verbotene Exporte: Syriens Regime überwacht Internet mit US-Technik]||[[AE]] [[BH]] [[QA]] [[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]]
|-
|29.10.2011||Wall Street Journal||[http://online.wsj.com/article_email/SB10001424052970203687504577001911398596328-lMyQjAxMTAxMDIwODEyNDgyWj.html U.S. Firm Acknowledges Syria Uses Its Gear to Block Web]||[[AE]] [[BH]] [[QA]] [[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]]
|-
|23.10.2011||Washington Post||[http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/syria-using-american-software-to-censor-internet-experts-say/2011/10/22/gIQA5mPr7L_story.html Syria using American software to censor Internet, experts say]||[[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]]
|-
|15.10.2011||reflets.info||[http://reflets.info/toi-toi-tu-vas-avoir-de-gros-ennuis-reflets-ils-vont-te-couper-en-deux-te/ Toi… Toi… Tu vas avoir de gros ennuis, Reflets… Ils vont te couper en deux, te…]||[[LY]] [[SY]] [[AMESYS]]
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|14.10.2011||Spiegel Online||[http://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/netzpolitik/0,1518,790834,00.html Vorwurf von Hackergruppe: Syrien soll Schnüffelsoftware aus USA einsetzen]||[[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]]
|-
|15.09.2011||Wall Street Journal||[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704324304575307064254125230.html U.S. Deploys Tech Firms to Win Syrian Allies]||[[SY]]
|-
|11.09.2011||reflets.info||[http://reflets.info/opsyria-when-the-internet-does-not-let-citizens-down/ #OpSyria: When the Internet does not let citizens down]||[[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]] SSL
|-
|01.09.2011||reflets.info||[http://reflets.info/bluecoats-role-in-syrian-censorship-and-nationwide-monitoring-system/ Bluecoat’s role in Syrian censorship and nationwide monitoring system #OpSyria]||[[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]] SSL
|-
|21.08.2011||news-intercom.tumblr.com||[http://news-intercom.tumblr.com/post/9187075188 Stop BlueCoat.com now - #OpSyria ]||[[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]] SSL
|-
|19.08.2011||reflets.info||[http://reflets.info/opsyria-s01e03-–-nasdaq’s-blood-diamonds/ #OpSyria s01e03 – NASDAQ’s Blood Diamonds]||[[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]]
|-
|15.08.2011||youtube.com||[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rnm-EwUFgUU# Stop BlueCoat.com Now #OpSyria]||[[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]] SSL
|-
|05.08.2011||scancomark.se||[http://www.scancomark.se/05-08-2010-How-Nokia-technology-helps-syria-clamp-down-on-dissidents.html How it is bad to sell advanced technology to dictators. How Nokia technology helps Al - Assad finds dissidents]||[[SY]] [[SIEMENS|Siemens LI / Monitoring Centers]]
|-
|22.07.2011||worldtribune.com||[http://www.worldtribune.com/worldtribune/WTARC/2011/me_iran0910_07_21.html Report details Iran's massive backing for Assad in bid to salvage 'Shi'ite crescent']||[[SY]] [[IR]] [[SIEMENS]] Nokia [[TROVICOR]]
|-
|06.05.2011||theregister.co.uk||[http://forums.theregister.co.uk/forum/1/2011/05/06/syria_fake_certificate_facebook_attack/ Fake certificate attack targets Facebook users in Syria ]||[[SY]] SSL Attacks
|-
|06.05.2011||twitter.com||[http://twitter.com/#!/netfreedom/status/66463810235539456 Blue Coat in Syria? RT @ioerror: 82.137.192.194 appears to be a Blue Coat proxy that a lot of traffic flows through]||[[SY]] [[BLUECOAT]] SSL 
|-
|}

== 2009 ==

{|border=1
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|Date||Source||Title||Tags
|-
|07.08.2009||OpenNet Initiative||[http://opennet.net/research/profiles/syria Internet Filterin in Syria]||[[SY]]
|-
|}

= Situations =

* [http://old.openarab.net/en/node/1625 Openarab.net: Online Syria, Offline Syrians]

[[Category:Countries]] [[Category:SY]]